Learning Linux Together

Convert an older Ubuntu installation

admin — Mon, 09 Jun 2008 09:45:37 +0000

To convert an older version (Ubuntu Gutsy (7.10), Feisty (7.04), Edgy (6.10) or Dapper (6.06)), follow these steps: Download this file on your desktop. Open a terminal window (Applications→Accessories→Terminal) and move to the Desktop directory:

# cd ~/Desktop

HowTo Compile rTorrent From SVN In Ubuntu 8

admin — Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:57:27 +0000

Torrent is a great way to transfer large files very quickly. However most torrent clients are gui based and have quite some impact on system resources (e.g. Azureus). rTorrent is a lightweight client running from the terminal. Being able to run it in a screen session (also upon boot) makes it ideal to also control it from a remote location


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Virtual Users And Domains With Postfix, Courier, MySQL And SquirrelMail (Ubuntu 8.04 LTS)

admin — Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:35:08 +0000

This document describes how to install a mail server based on Postfix that is based on virtual users and domains, i.e. users and domains that are in a MySQL database. I’ll also demonstrate the installation and configuration of Courier (Courier-POP3, Courier-IMAP), so that Courier can authenticate against the same MySQL database Postfix uses.

The resulting Postfix server is capable of SMTP-AUTH and TLS and quota (quota is not built into Postfix by default, I’ll show how to patch your Postfix appropriately). Passwords are stored in encrypted form in the database (most documents I found were dealing with plain text passwords which is a security risk). In addition to that, this tutorial covers the installation of Amavisd, SpamAssassin and ClamAV so that emails will be scanned for spam and viruses. I will also show how to install SquirrelMail as a webmail interface so that users can read and send emails and change their passwords


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Setting Up PHPlist (Open-Source Newsletter Manager)

admin — Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:01:38 +0000

This document describes how to set up PHPlist on Fedora, CentOS, Ubuntu and Debian. This howto should also work for other distributions with little modifications. Taken from the phplist page: “phplist is an open-source newsletter manager. phplist is free to download, install and use, and is easy to integrate with any website. phplist is downloaded more than 10 000 times per month and is listed in the top open source projects for vitality score on Freshmeat. phplist is sponsored by tincan.”


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Install A TeamSpeak Server On Ubuntu

admin — Sun, 25 May 2008 12:11:16 +0000

This tutorial describes how to set up a TeamSpeak server on an Ubuntu Server system. Teamspeak has the ability to make more than one server by setting different ports for each server. The user that controls all these servers is called the SuperAdmin, he has the ability to make more servers and users with or without their rights.


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Using Linux as a Router

admin — Sun, 25 May 2008 04:26:08 +0000

Linux can be a terrific “poor man’s” router. It takes a little more startup configuration than a typical hardware router, but once it is going, very little will stop it, at least in our experience. We’ve been using the router setup detailed below in production for six months now (a few months more worth of pilot-testing), and the only faults we’ve encountered were either service-provider related or due to water-soaked cables — unbelievable, but true, and a really long story I won’t get into here!


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setting up a qmail server

admin — Sun, 25 May 2008 04:02:05 +0000

Dan Bernstein’s qmail package is a fast, secure and state of the art mail transfer agent (MTA). However, people often have problems setting it up for large systems with virtual domain handling, POP-boxes and forwarding via dialup connections. Here are my thoughts on this and how we’ve handled it at SpaceNet.


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Postinstallation Validation

admin — Fri, 23 May 2008 17:47:06 +0000

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 creates a number of files when installation is complete. These files essentially document what happened. The basic installation log file, /root/install.log, lists the packages that Anaconda installed on your system. The boot information is stored in the /var/log/dmesg file. The commands used by Anaconda to install Linux is stored in the /root/anaconda-ks.cfg file. This can serve as a template for the Kickstart process, which you can use to install RHEL 3 automatically on different computers. I describe Kickstart in more detail later in this chapter.

The Installation Log File

The installation log file, /root/install.log, provides a baseline. After you run Linux for some time, you’ve probably installed and upgraded a number of additional packages. You can refer back to this file to find the packages installed when Linux was installed on this computer.

dmesg Boot Messages

The /var/log/dmesg file contains boot messages duplicated from the console output as seen each time Linux boots. These messages contain hardware information, process initialization, and sequencing information, and more, as shown in Figure 3-1.

Figure 3-1: dmesg boot messages

Graphical or Text Login Screen

After the installation process is complete, the installation script shuts down and reboots the computer. If you configured a graphical login, Linux starts in runlevel 5, the X Window login screen. Alternatively, if you configured a text login, Linux starts in runlevel 3.

On The Job

If your X Window server is not configured properly, you can press CTRL-ALT-F2 to go back to a text-based login screen.

It’s easy to shift runlevels. The init x command, where x represents the runlevel, modifies the Linux system accordingly. For example, if you have a text login, the init 5 command should move Linux to a graphical login screen, assuming you have the appropriate packages such as GNOME and the X Window System installed. Alternatively, the init 3 command moves Linux to a text login screen.

Installation Troubleshooting

admin — Fri, 23 May 2008 17:08:44 +0000

There are actually many processes running and many parts to the installation. The system logs everything to an installation log file and separates related information between four of the five virtual console screens supported during the installation.

Exam Watch

If your installation is trouble-free, you’ll have a few minutes on your hands during the Installation and Configuration exam. I suggest that you use that time to plan how you’ll configure the services per the requirements of your particular exam. But pay attention to the following sections. If your installation gets stuck, the console screens described can quickly help you diagnose the problem.

The Console Installation Output Screens

There are up to six consoles available during the installation process. Each console tells a different story. What you see depends slightly on whether you install in text or graphical mode. A network graphical installation is something of a hybrid; it starts in text mode before connecting to the network source and proceeding to the graphical installation.

Text mode starts in the first virtual console. Graphical mode runs in the seventh virtual console (console number 6 is not used). You can switch between virtual consoles using the commands defined in Table 3-1. If you’re in text mode, you don’t need to use the CTRL key (but it does no harm). As you can see in the table, each console is associated with a function key.

Table 3-1: Installation Virtual Consoles
Command	Console and Function
ctrl-alt-f1	Text installation display; if you’re running in graphical mode, it includes the basic commands to start graphics drivers.
ctrl-alt-f2	Accesses a bash shell prompt; available after the first few installation steps.
ctrl-alt-f3	Lists the log of installation messages.
ctrl-alt-f4	Displays all kernel messages, including detected hardware and drivers.
ctrl-alt-f5	Installation displays partition formatting; not available until Anaconda formats the actual partitions.
ctrl-alt-f7	Graphical installation display; active only if you’re running the installation program in graphical mode.

The messages on the third and fourth consoles can scroll by quickly; fortunately, they’re collected in dedicated files which I’ll show you shortly.

Installation bash

You can find a bash shell on the second console. It can help you review what has been installed so far. Check it out for yourself with the CTRL-ALT-F2 command. You’ll see the following installation boot prompt during the installation process:

-/bin/sh-2.05b#

This prompt allows you to run standard bash commands on the system as configured so far. Before Anaconda starts installing packages, you can inspect a number of things at this prompt. The installation files from the CD or network source will be mounted on the /mnt/source directory.

Exam Watch

While installation proceeds, you’ll have a bit of ‘dead time.’ You can use this time to start configuring your RHEL 3 system. Just press the Ctrl-Alt-F2 command and you’ll see a shell. You’ll find the standard root directory (/) mounted on the /mnt/sysimage subdirectory during the installation process. You can edit the files of your choice as soon as they’re installed.

You can also find a number of interesting files in the /tmp directory; I’ve described the significant ones in Table 3-2.

Exam Watch

If you’re installing from a Kickstart configuration file, ks.cfg, you may be able to find it in the /tmp directory in the second virtual console during the installation process. It could be helpful to read this file during the Troubleshooting exam.

Table 3-2: The /tmp Directory Contains Configuration Files During the Installation Process
File from installation /tmp	Description
anaconda.log	Contains a log of installation messages (from the third console).
ks.cfg	If you’re installing from a Kickstart configuration file, it’s stored in the /tmp directory.
modules.conf	Includes detected hardware that requires a driver module (frequently includes network cards).
netinfo	Contains IP address information for configured network cards.
syslog	Includes a log of kernel messages (from the fourth console).
XF86Config.test	Contains a temporary X Window configuration file.

Other Consoles

The third console primarily lists detected hardware. If your computer is having problems with something critical, such as the CD drive or network card, you’ll see it here.

The fourth console tells you more about detected hardware. However, you may need to be a detective to understand these messages. For example, if you see the following message:

<6>pcnet32: 1 cards_found.

you might not know there’s a problem unless you remember that there are two network cards on this computer. On the fifth console, you can see what happens to your partitions; it lists the output of the mke2fs command, which can tell you if there’s a problem with your partitions.

While Installing Software

Once Anaconda starts installing software, you’ll see the Installing Packages screen, where you can watch as it actually installs Linux on your computer. Once this process starts, press the CTRL-ALT-F2 keys to return to the bash console. Now run the following command:

-/bin/sh-2.05b# cd /mnt/sysimage

You can now browse around the directory tree as it’s being built.

linux dan Pesantren

fatyu20 — Tue, 13 May 2008 21:01:32 +0000

Minggu tgl 11 mei 2008 yang lalu, rekan rekan dari Batam melakukan sosialisasi dan Implementasi LTSP, di sebuah pondok pesantren, ini adalah bentuk nyata bahwa pemberdayagunaan open source telah merambah kedunia pendidikan termasuk juga pesantren yang jarang terdengar hingar bingar sosialisasi sekedar “linux” habis sosialisasi linux, sekolah biasanya kan khianat linux lagi hee heee, idea ini pertama kali di sampaikan oleh dede [at] it batamer”s,

Gayung bersambut rekan rekan di batam, menyambutnya dengan suka cita, di mulailah oprek oprek LTSP sebleum langsung Implementasi ke ponpes tsbt, dengan Edubuntu 7.10, di bawah komando oleh Atha [tuxkeren],

Setelah mendapat kabar dari Ata, bahwa oprek opek sudah berhasil, rekan dede menanyakan, kembali ke pihak ponpes “apakah yakin akan total migrasi” setelah mendapat jawaban meyakinkan, rekan rekan akhirnya sepakat untuk implementasi pada hari minggu 11 mei 2008,

Dengan penuh semangat team yang terdiri dari Atha, Asnan R, Abdul Yadi, Sihab, M.Dede, Heri S, Rudy Y, Kadek P, akhirnya tiba di ponpes tersebut, setelah ramah tamah dengan tuan rumah, Atha dengan sigap langsung melakukakan Installasi Server Edubuntu 7.10, setelah melakuikan seting sana sini, akhirnya projek ini berhasil dengan mulus, walau ada hambatan hardware yg tidak support menurut laporan dari rekan rekan Gelora, tp keseluruhan bisa running ,

rekan rekan gelora dan pembina ponpes

Selamat atas keberhasiln Rekan-rekan Gelora, tanpa perlu gembar gembor di media masa ternyata masih ada rekan rekan, yang langsung Action salute ,dan patut di contoh

Sumber : www.gelora-batam.org

kontributor from : gelora [at] batam

Editor by : ian_bhomert [at] yahoo [dot] com